Fly Pattern Dictionary: The Carnegie

The Carnegie is a classic Victorian salmon fly developed by George Kelson

Unlike many of the sparser patterns found in a typical steelhead box, the Carnegie belongs to the era of "full-dress" flies. This style reached its peak in the late 19th century, characterized by intricate layers of feathers, silks, and tinsels. While these flies were originally designed for Atlantic salmon, their beauty and complex silhouettes have made them a favorite among traditionalists who appreciate the artistry of the Victorian era.

The History

The pattern was originally documented by George Kelson in his definitive 1895 work, The Salmon Fly. Kelson was the preeminent authority of the Victorian age, known for exacting standards regarding the specific arrangement and quality of materials. He championed a "systematic" and "scientific" approach to fly fishing, believing that organized knowledge was the essence of the sport. This specific version was tied by Will Bush, a modern master specializing in the rigid techniques and historical accuracy required to execute Kelson’s original visions.

Original Dressing Notes

Hook: Traditional salmon hook, Tag: Silver twist and scarlet silk, Tail: A topping and Summer Duck, Butt: Black herl, Body: In two equal sections: No. 1, yellow silk, ribbed with silver tinsel, butted with Indian Crow above and below, and black herl; No. 2, light blue silk, ribbed with silver tinsel (oval), Hackle: A yellow hackle from centre, Wings: Tippet fibres, Swan dyed yellow and red, Golden Pheasant tail, powdered blue Macaw, Summer Duck, and a topping, Sides: Jungle, Head: Scarlet wool.

Archival Technical Details

• The "Pull": Kelson emphasized the importance of how a fly is mounted to the line. He insisted the knot be fastened so the trace works in a straight line with the shank—a concept he called "The Pull"—to ensure the hook works deeper into the fish's mouth during an engagement.

• Regional Popularity: In Kelson’s day, the Carnegie was recognized as a particularly popular pattern on the South Esk river.

• Dressing Modifications: While herl is the standard material for the butt, Kelson noted that for his personal use, he preferred making the butt with scarlet wool to enhance the fly's visibility.

• Movement and Balance: Kelson argued that fly-dressing is a Fine Art. He believed proper material distribution, such as the "fan-like expansion" of wing fibres, was essential to maintain balance and lifelike motion as the fly advances and retires gracefully in the water.

Tying and Fishing Notes

Tying a Carnegie requires patience and precision, as every material must be secured in a specific order to maintain the fly's balance. While many modern anglers choose to frame such flies as art, they remain effective fishing tools when presented on a traditional long-belly line. On the water, the Carnegie provides a distinct, vibrant silhouette that can be particularly useful in clear or bright conditions.